Often shields were decorated with a painted pattern or an animal representation to show their army or clan. The shield was held by a central grip or by straps with some going over or around the user's arm and one or more being held by the hand. Sometimes they took on the form of kites or flatirons, or had rounded tops on a rectangular base with perhaps an eye-hole, to look through when used with combat. They were carried by foot soldiers, knights and cavalry.ĭepending on time and place, shields could be round, oval, square, rectangular, triangular, bilabial or scalloped. In classical antiquity, the Barbarian Invasions and the Middle Ages, they were normally constructed of poplar tree, lime or another split-resistant timber, covered in some instances with a material such as leather or rawhide and often reinforced with a metal boss, rim or banding.
In prehistory and during the era of the earliest civilisations, shields were made of wood, animal hide, woven reeds or wicker. Finally, shields vary greatly in shape, ranging in roundness to angularity, proportional length and width, symmetry and edge pattern different shapes provide more optimal protection for infantry or cavalry, enhance portability, provide secondary uses such as ship protection or as a weapon and so on. Shields also vary a great deal in thickness whereas some shields were made of relatively deep, absorbent, wooden planking to protect soldiers from the impact of spears and crossbow bolts, others were thinner and lighter and designed mainly for deflecting blade strikes (like the roromaraugi or qauata). Shields vary greatly in size and shape, ranging from large panels that protect the user's whole body to small models (such as the buckler) that were intended for hand-to-hand-combat use. Shields are used to intercept specific attacks, whether from close-ranged weaponry or projectiles such as arrows, by means of active blocks, as well as to provide passive protection by closing one or more lines of engagement during combat. Wall painting depicting a Mycenaean Greek "figure eight", 15th century BC, National Archaeological Museum, AthensĪ shield is a piece of personal armour held in the hand, which may or may not be strapped to the wrist or forearm.
The size of the shield on the chief's left arm denotes his status, and the white colour that he is a married man. Zulu chief Goza and two of his councillors in war-dress, all with Nguni shields, c.1870. JSTOR ( September 2019) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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